Low-noise pantographs and insulators (Vol.2)

The Shinkansen wayside noise consists of trolley-pantograph noise, body aerodynamic noise, wheel/rail noise, and structure-borne noise. In trolley-pantograph noise, especially, the aerodynamic noise of pantograph is proportional to the sixth power of the train speed, so it requires special abatement technique for the speed-up of Shinkansen trains. The low-noise...