Class 142 'Railbus' wheel wear due to curving (VDYN 9)

1.) For m = 0. 5 :- a.) Reducing the wheelset yaw stiffness to 0.60 MNm/rad. increases wheel tread and flange life by a factor of 4, and a yaw stiffness of 0.20 MNm/rad. or less increases wheel tread and flange life by a factor of 8. b.)...