Classification of railway tracks for applying enhanced ERTMS/ETCS solutions based on GNSS positioning technologies

The use of GNSS positioning into the ERTMS/ETCS has been identified as the technology for supporting the detection of Virtual Balises (VB). However, the presence of local GNSS threats (e.g. multipath, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) or interference) that may not be detectable by a local or wide area augmentation network, can potentially...