Reducing carbon is a great challenge for rail. As an industry, we’re having to reinvent design, technology, procurement, and supply chain relationships. But with the latest research, tools, and best practice, we can unlock efficiency, cost saving, social, and economic co-benefits at the same time.

Low carbon fuel research

Electrification is the long-term solution for traction power. But combustion engines will still be used on the network for many years. We researched four low-carbon fuel options:

1. Hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO): renewable biofuels such as vegetable oils, animal fats, and waste oils

2. Synthetic fuels: made using hydrogen and CO2 from low-carbon sources

3. E-ammonia: chemically identical to the natural gas, this process uses renewable electricity to generate and combine the hydrogen and nitrogen to make e-ammonia

4. Hydrogen: internal combustion engines designed for hydrogen combustion.

This research is based on a literature review, interviews with subject matter experts, and input from a joint industry and government steering group. This information can inform purchase and research decisions, and help shape your strategy.