Many of the health hazards that can affect the health of employees whilst at work are long understood. Controls and precautions are taken. However, the latency period for ill health effects can be over a number of years and tracing back a direct cause can be difficult. As a society, we are still grappling with the full impact of health hazards and the damaging effect they can have on lives. The good news is that within the UK, employers are doing more to attempt to understand the issues and rail is continuing to seek to fulfil its role as an industry where good work is available. Here we set out a number of the hazards we face.